The exemptions described in Part 1 of Schedule 1 have been based on the current exemptions described in the Genetic Manipulation Advisory Committee guidelines for small-scale genetic manipulation work. The GMAC exemptions have been developed over the past 25 years based on the experience of assessing applications in Australia. The exemptions apply to a very limited number of dealings with GMOs that have been assessed over time as presenting no significant biosafety risks to public health and safety, including occupational health and safety or the environment, and are undertaken within contained facilities, that is, they do not involve intentional release of a GMO into the environment.